在 PPA 裡面只安裝特定軟體的方式

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在 PPA 裡面只安裝特定軟體的方式

Ubuntu 20.04 的 rsync 內建只有 3.1.3 (參考「Ubuntu – Package Search Results — rsync」這邊),但 --mkpath 這個參數需要 3.2.3+ 才能跑:「How can I configure rsync to create target directory on remote server?」,所以就要找 PPA 看看有沒有人有包新版的可以用。

在「Utilities – various (Xenial & newer)」這邊可以看到 Rob Savoury 有包,但發現這包有一堆軟體,我不想要裝這麼多,所以就用 Pinning 限制。

apt-cache policy 可以看到 o= 的值,然後就可以在 /etc/apt/preferences.d/savoury1-utilities 裡設定 rsync 的 Pin-Priority1001,而其他的都掛到 -1

Package: *
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-savoury1-utilities
Pin-Priority: -1

Package: rsync
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-savoury1-utilities
Pin-Priority: 1001

但跑 apt upgrade 沒看到可以升級,而直接 apt install rsync 的時候可以看到是因為 libxxhash0 跟不上新版而產生錯誤訊息:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
rsync : Depends: libxxhash0 (>= 0.8.0) but 0.7.3-1 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

所以一起加進去變成:

Package: *
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-savoury1-utilities
Pin-Priority: -1

Package: libxxhash0 rsync
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-savoury1-utilities
Pin-Priority: 1001

然後就可以 apt upgrade 升級上去了。

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